Solar photo Voltaic System :-
Solar photovoltaic (SPV) conversion is a major field of Solar Energy utilization in which solar Radiations are first converted into Electrical energy by solar cells. Solar cells are made up off silicon or other similar semiconductor material. When the sunlight falls on the solar cell. Electricity is generated. The Electrical energy produces depends on many factors such intensity of Solar rays, types of solar cells, Angle of incidence of solar Rays etc.
Solar photovoltaic technology :-
The term photo means light and voltaic means electricity. When electricity
is produced due to Light it is called the Photoelectric effect. It was first noted by a French physicist.
Edmund Bequerel, in 1839, who found that certain materials would produces small amounts of electric current when exposed to Light. In 1905 Albert Einstein described the nature of light and the Photoelectric effect on which Photovoltaic technology is based, for which he later won a Nobel prize in physics. The first Photovoltaic module was built by bell Laboratories in 1954. It was called as a solar battery. The space industry began to make the first serious use of the technology to provide power on spacecraft.
Principle of photo Voltaic effect :-
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| Principle of photo Voltaic Effect |
Photovoltaic (PV) effect convert Light energy into electricity. Due to this effect solar cell produces D.C. Flow of electricity. When the Sunrays falls on PN junction solar cell made up from semiconductor materials like silicon, it produced direct current electricity is small quantity. The current will flow in the circuit when it is extenally connected as show in fig.
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| Current- Voltage characteristics |
The current voltage characteristics can be seen from following graph. When intensity of radiation decrease the current generated by the cell also decrease but voltage remain some.
Electrical energy = Voltage × Current
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