BIOMASS ENERGY

BIOMASS ENERGY

Biomass is defined as all organic materials obtained from plants, animals human excretas, algae and fungus. Energy obtained from biomass is called biomass Energy. All agricultural wastes such as plant, leave , tree logs, twigs, husks, municipal waste and animal excreta like dung are included in Biomass. Energy from biomass can be obtained in many ways.

(1) Direct Combustion of dried biomass 

This is a Primitive method to get heat Energy. Almost 90% of people living in rural area get their cooking energy from biomass directly burning in the chullahs.

(2) Gasification of biomass :

The biomass is collected in gasified and subjected to heating in absence of air. This process is called as Pyrolisies. This Will produce a gas which can be used in I.C engines and other devices to obtain mechanical and chemical Energy.

(3) Digestion in biogas plants :

Biomass like cow dung or agro - wastes is callected in Biogas plant and allowed to putrefy for new days. Decomposition and fermentation of the biomass takes in precense of air and Micro organisms producing ethane and methane gases. These are combustion gases and can be burnt in gas stoves.

Potential Of Biomass Energy :- 

In India there is good potential of producing biomass Energy through biogas plnats or popularly known as gobar gas plnats. About 10 to 14 kgs of gobar per cattle is produced which is sufficient to give 0.46m^3 of biogas. This gas is can produce Energy equivalent to 1 KWh when it is burnt. In rural area of our country, the population of cattle is quite good.